The Shari'a Law

The Shari'a Law

The Shari'a law is from various sources such as the Qur'an. It consists of two components including
- The obligations towards Allah
-The obligations towards others.
The punishments under the Shari'a law are very harsh however the crimes commited in order to recieve these punishments must be extreme and are difficult to carry out. For example
Theft- one would get a hand cut off but only under certain circumstances.
Adultery- Whipping or stoning would be the punishment however for this to happen, there would need to be several witnesses who saw the act.
Murder- Capitol punishment or blood money

Muslim women are oppressed by their religion. False. Muslim men and women have equal rights

The Qur'an explicity states that men and women are equal in the eyes of God. True

When Muslim women marry, their property is given to their husbands. False. This does not happen

Muslim women have had rights for over 1400 years that were only granted to american women in the 19th century. True

The restrictions placed on women in some Islamic countries are cultural, not religious. True.

The Qua'ran directs both men and women to dress modestly. True.

Use of the Hijab, or head scarf, varies according to the society in which Muslim women lives. True.

Women of many cultures are religions cover their heads in different ways. True

The Core Beliefs of Christianity

The Core Beliefs of Christianity

Christians believe that,
- there is one God and one god only
- Jesus was the Messiah
- The holy trinity consists of the father, God, the son, Jesus and the holy spirit
- Jesus was sent by God to save our sins
- The 10 Commandments are the basic outline of leading a righteous and moral life
- Jesus was ressurected
-God is eternal (eternal life)
- the Bible is the holy text
- the Messiah shall come again

Christian Celebration- Baptism

Christian Celebration- Baptism

—The word baptism means “To immerse in water.” It originated from when Christ himself was baptised by John The Baptist, in the river Jordan.

—Back in Jesus’ time, when you were baptised you completely immersed yourself under the water.

 

—Baptism is a symbol of washing away sin and of spiritual purification.

—There are 4 main symbols involved in the modern day baptism ritual. Of course, these can vary from church to church and priest to priest. They are:

—1.  The Cross – The sign of the cross is made on the forehead of the person being baptised. It is like an invisible badge, to show that Christians are united with Christ and must not be afraid to stand up for him.  

 

—Nowadays, it is more common for people to be baptised with the water poured or sprinkled on them, rather than being immersed. It is also more common to be baptised as a baby, rather than once you are older. Baptism is one of the first sacraments, it is much like being inducted into the Christian faith.

Video Questions

Video Questions

What does the word Quran translate to in English?

-The Recitation

2.      What is the purpose of the message sent to Mohammad why was it sent again?

Gods own message to the world to remind people of the message already received by the Jews and Christians.

-Gods guidance for human kind

3.      How is the message sent to Mohammad different to the messages already sent to the Christians and the Jews?

-It is in arabic

4.      Is the message in the Quran the same message as in the Bible?

  -Yes

5.      Name two other prophets mentioned in the Quran.

        -

6.      How was the message passed on to others in the beginning?

  -It was an oral / aural transmission

7.      Why was the original message not written down by Mohammad?

  -He was not literate in Arabic

8.      What language is used for the Quran?

  -Arabic

9.      Which city did Islam originate?

   -Mecca

10.  What dose ‘Muslim’ mean?

- Those who submit to God

11.  How does the Quran differ from the Bible in the story of the death of Jesus?

 -Belief Jesus was not crucified but lifted to God another man who looked like him was crucified

12.  What does the Quran say about warfare?

       -

13.  Muslims may defend themselves only when there is a threat. They should be merciful to those they capture.

      - as Muhammad was when he took over Mecca.

Shahadah

What is the meaning of the declaration of faith? 

Declaring that you believe in one god.

Why do you think that this statement is a significant part of being a Muslim?

As a Muslim you believe in one god, Allah.

Video – Islam_vid_muslimpray.mov

 Salat

Describe the process that Muslims go through to prepare to pray.

Muslims must cleanse themselves in the courtyard before prayer commences.

Describe the process of praying in Islam. How many times each day, and when, do Muslims pray?

Muslims pray 5 times a day in the morning, middle of the day, afternoon, at dinner time and at night time.

In which direction do Muslims pray? Why do they face this way?

They are required to face Mecca. They face this way because it is sacred for the Muslims, they believe it is the "house of God" and to not face Mecca would make their prayer invalid.

Why do Muslims pray?

To connect with god.

Video – Islam_vid_zakat.mov

 Zakat

What is Zakat?  What is emphasized in Zakaat?

Zakat is the giving of Charity to others and it is a means of taking care of other people as God has taken care of us.

Why do Muslims make donations?  How much money is a person expected to give to charitable causes? 

The Muslims believe that the more you give the more you will get. 2.5% is the minimum amout required for Zakat.

How is Zakat different from ordinary charity that Muslims might give?

Zakat is the supreme donation.

 

Video - Islam_vid_islam_celeb.mov

Sawm

As part of the Muslim religion, what does it mean to fast? 

To purify your soul.

Why do Muslims fast? 

To remind them how blessed they are to have food.

What and when is Ramadan?   What is Eid al-Fitr? 

IHajj  the month of fasting in septemeber.The celebration after where you get to eat.

Videos – Islam_vid_hajj (part 1 & 3)

         

How often must Muslims participate in Hajj? 

It must be completed at least once in a life time but only if affordable.

Where do Muslims go during Hajj? 

they go to the Kaba in Mecca

How many Muslims participate in Hajj?

Around 2 million anually.

What is the goal of Hajj? 

To show your commitment and to re-establish you faith in god.

 What is the purpose of the special garments?

When wearing the white garments, everyone appears the same and this unity means that no one is above anyone else.

The Five Pillars of Islam

The Five Pillars of Islam

List the five pillars of Islam

The 5 pillars of Islam are:
1: Testimony (Shahadah or Declaration of Faith)
2: Prayer
3: Payment of Zakah (specific charity) for the poor
4: Fasting the month of Ramadan
5: pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj); if affordable

2.    From where did the pillars originate?

Muhammad was instructed by Allah, in 620 A.D., to follow the Five Pillars of Islam in the Seventh Paradise.

3.    Describe one of the pillars in detail.

Fasting the Month of Ramadan

The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever fasts during Ramadan with faith and seeking his reward from Allah will have his past sins forgiven. Whoever prays during the nights in Ramadan with faith and seeking his reward from Allah will have his past sins forgiven. And he who passes Lailat al-Qadr in prayer with faith and seeking his reward from Allah will have his past sins forgiven. Ramadan takes place in Makkah each year, where more than 3 million Muslims from all over the world go and spend time in worship and devotion to God.

4.    Compare the five pillars with similar activities in other religions.

The catholic faith worships the one god as do they have a place of worship. It is similar because Catholics worship the same type of gods e.g Jesus, god etc.

5.    How does Australian culture cause difficulties in fulfilling the pillars?

The Australian community does not stop in the middle of days to pray. We wear very reviling clothing and life is just different because we do a lot of things there Islamic religion says you should stay clear of.

6.    Are there peculiar ways different cultures or nationalities practice their faith?

Some religions do animal sacrifices or other ways to worship there gods but most religions are fairly the same in how they Worship there gods.

Overview Questions

Overview Questions

1.     What does 'Islam' mean?

-The religion of the Muslims, a monotheistic faith regarded as revealed through Muhammad as the Prophet of Allah.

2.    What were the origins of the Muslim religion?

-The origin of Muslim religion is God revelation of Quran to prophet Muhammad (peace upon him) through the angel Gabriel (Jibril) that started in year 610 AD while the prophet was in Mecca (Makkah) that is in the current country of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

3.     How was it different from religious beliefs in Arabia pre-Mohammed?

-It was multi-god and goddess worship like most everywhere else before Judaism kicked in.

4.     How does someone become a Muslim?

-Simply by saying 'there is no god apart from God, and Muhammad is the Messenger of God.' By this declaration the believer announces his or her faith in all God's messengers, and the scriptures they brought.

5.     How do Muslims practice their religion?

-Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable and the purpose of existence is to worship God. Muslims Pray 5 times a day and they worship one god and they practice their religion by following the rules of worship.

6.    What is the Ka'ba?

-Kaaba is a cuboid-shaped building in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, and is the most sacred site in Islam.

7.     What were the highlights of the life of Mohammed? How did he become a prophet?

-At the age of 40, while engaged in a meditative retreat, Muhammad received his first revelation from God through the Archangel Gabriel. This revelation, which continued for twenty-three years, is known as the Qur'an.

Muhammad began to recite the words he heard from Gabriel and to preach the truth which God had revealed to him. The people of Makkah were steeped in their ways of ignorance and opposed Muhammad and his small group of followers in every way. These early Muslims suffered bitter persecution.

In the year 622 CE, God gave the Muslim community the command to emigrate. This event, the hijrah or migration, in which they left Makkah for the city of Madinah, some 260 miles to the North, marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar.

Madinah provided Muhammad and the Muslims the safe and nurturing haven in which the Muslim community grew. After several years, the Prophet and his followers returned to Makkah, where they forgave their enemies and dedicated the Ka'bah to the worship of the One God. Before the Prophet died at the age of 63, the greater part of Arabia was Muslim, and within a century of his death, Islam had spread to Spain in the west and as far east as China. 

8.    What is the Quran?

-There holy text

9.    Are there any other sacred sources?

- Yes. The sunnah, (what the Prophet Muhammad said, did, or approved of) is the second source in Islam.  The sunnah is comprised of hadeeths, which are reliably transmitted reports by the Prophet Muhammad’s companions of what he said, did, or approved of.  Belief in the sunnah is a basic Islamic belief.

10.  What is jihad?

-Jihad an Islamic term is a religious duty of Muslims.

Variants in Judaism

Variants in Judaism

-It is two or more people or things that have slight differences in opinions. The three major variants or streams in Judaism are Conservative, Orthodox, and Reform (Liberal or progressive).

Orthodox-

1.       Traditional forms of worship in the Hebrew language.

2.       The Orthodox view is that the Biblical law may be developed and interpreted only by processes of reasoning which maintain respect for its Divine origin.

3.       The oldest synagogue in Sydney is the Great Synagogue in Elizabeth Street.

4.       Synagogues are established by groups of Jews who raise their own funds and construct their own buildings.

5.       The congregation usually elects a voluntary board of management, which employs, rabbis and other officials.

Conservative-

1.       Conservative Judaism fosters the practice of traditional Judaism while embracing modernity.

2.       Developed during the twentieth century in the United States.

3.       It comes midway between Orthodoxy and Reform, intellectually liberal in matters of belief, but conservative in matters of religious practice.

4.       The Conservative service follows the traditional liturgy, and it is mainly in Hebrew and similar to Orthodox services.

5.       The movement believes that God's will is made known to humanity through revelation.

Progressive-

1.       A new element entered the Jewish world in the early nineteenth century

2.       The Progressive concept originated with the emancipation of the Jews of the various German states.

3.       Granted equal rights and released from the ghettos to which they had been confined for centuries, Jews sought full acceptance in the German cultural milieu to which they had finally been admitted.

4.       European Liberal Judaism soon spread to North America where it became more radical and less traditional.

5.       Many of the Jews from central Europe who migrated to North America in the 1850s were political liberals who were eager to cast off the shadows of reactionary Europe.

Kosher

Kosher= Food which is Allowed

Trey fah= Food which is NOT allowed!

All plants are Kosher, but not all animals, birds or fish are.

Animals must be killed in a special manner and have all the blood removed before the meat can be eaten by Jews.

Jews may only eat animals and birds that have been killed by shechitah.

Shechitah is killing the animals by slitting the throat with a very Sharpe knife.

This has been shown too be painless to the animals, as causing pain to living things is against Jewish law.

The theory is that the Sharpe knife cuts the carotid so that the aimal loses consciousness before they are able to feel pain.

1.       What is Kosher food?

 This is food which is allowed.

2.       Where is the list of food which is allowed, found?

The list of food is found in the Torah in the Leviticus 11:2-3

 

3.       Why do many Jewish homes have two sets of cutlery?

In order to eat dairy and meats separately.

 

4.      Neatly copy the table below and draw the pictures